{"id":4612,"date":"2025-07-16T08:51:47","date_gmt":"2025-07-16T08:51:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/?p=4612"},"modified":"2025-07-16T08:55:07","modified_gmt":"2025-07-16T08:55:07","slug":"can-sodium-ion-batteries-be-used-in-cars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/news\/can-sodium-ion-batteries-be-used-in-cars\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4\u017eu sa sod\u00edkovoi\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v automobiloch?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00davod<\/h2>

12 V sod\u00edkovo i\u00f3nov\u00e1 bat\u00e9ria<\/a><\/strong> sa v t\u00fdchto d\u0148och dost\u00e1va viac pozornosti v oblasti skladovania energie. Vzh\u013eadom na rast\u00face ceny, neist\u00e9 dod\u00e1vate\u013esk\u00e9 re\u0165azce a v\u0161etky tie environment\u00e1lne probl\u00e9my spojen\u00e9 s l\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00fdmi bat\u00e9riami sa teraz mnoh\u00ed v\u00fdrobcovia obracaj\u00fa k lep\u0161\u00edm mo\u017enostiam. Sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie s\u00fa lacnej\u0161ie, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa l\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v\u0161ade dostupnej\u0161ie, a bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie na manipul\u00e1ciu - za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa by\u0165 skuto\u010dn\u00fdm pr\u00eds\u013eubom pre pou\u017eitie v automobiloch.<\/p>

V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku rozoberieme re\u00e1lnu \u00falohu, ktor\u00fa by sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e1 bat\u00e9ria mohla zohr\u00e1va\u0165 v automobiloch. Preber\u00e1me, kam sa hod\u00ed, ako sa vyv\u00edja z technick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska, kedy by sa mohla roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 a \u010do by si mali kupuj\u00faci B2B v\u0161imn\u00fa\u0165, ak chc\u00fa by\u0165 vpredu v hre.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>

12V 100Ah sod\u00edkovo i\u00f3nov\u00e1 bat\u00e9ria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>

12V 200Ah sod\u00edkovo i\u00f3nov\u00e1 bat\u00e9ria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>

Koho by mali zauj\u00edma\u0165 sod\u00edkovoi\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie v automobiloch?<\/h2>

Kto s\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00ed rozhodovatelia B2B?<\/h3>

V\u00fdrobcovia OEM, nov\u0161ie za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00face spolo\u010dnosti vyr\u00e1baj\u00face elektromobily, integr\u00e1tori Tier 1 a t\u00ed, ktor\u00ed buduj\u00fa ekologick\u00e9 vozov\u00e9 parky, sleduj\u00fa sod\u00edkov\u00e9 i\u00f3ny. Ke\u010f\u017ee priestor EV sa rozdelil na mnoho typov, \u013eudia z oblasti z\u00e1sobovania a produktov\u00e9 t\u00edmy prehodnocuj\u00fa chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e9 im lep\u0161ie zodpovedaj\u00fa nov\u00fdm modelom.<\/p>

Kto s\u00fa nepriamo dotknut\u00e9 skupiny koncov\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov?<\/h3>

Aj ke\u010f t\u00fato technol\u00f3giu vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 podniky, ve\u013ek\u00fd pr\u00ednos by z nej mohli ma\u0165 aj \u010fal\u0161\u00ed \u013eudia - napr\u00edklad pos\u00e1dky vozidiel na zdie\u013eanie jazdy, doru\u010dovatelia, mana\u017e\u00e9ri verejnej dopravy a ekologicky zm\u00fd\u0161\u013eaj\u00faci vodi\u010di v mest\u00e1ch. \u00daspora ceny a manipul\u00e1cia s teplom sod\u00edkov\u00fdch i\u00f3nov\u00fdch bat\u00e9ri\u00ed sa hod\u00ed pre praktick\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>

Pre ak\u00e9 typy automobilov s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9 sod\u00edkovoi\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie?<\/h2>

\u010co presne s\u00fa \u013eahk\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1 (LEV) a pre\u010do s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9?<\/h3>

Typy LEV, ako s\u00fa e-rik\u0161e, mikromobily, voz\u00edky na miestne pou\u017eitie, rv, sk\u00fatre alebo dokonca tie mal\u00e9 NEV - nepotrebuj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00fd dojazd ani r\u00fdchlos\u0165. Tieto aut\u00e1 jazdia na kr\u00e1tkych mestsk\u00fdch tras\u00e1ch a sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e1 bat\u00e9ria<\/a><\/strong> s t\u00fdm dobre spolupracuje. Ich energetick\u00e9 potreby sa zhoduj\u00fa s t\u00fdm, \u010do poskytuj\u00fa sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie.<\/p>

A \u010do n\u00edzkor\u00fdchlostn\u00e9 a \u00fa\u017eitkov\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1?<\/h3>

Komun\u00e1lne vozidl\u00e1 - myslite na smetiarske aut\u00e1, mal\u00e9 mestsk\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky, skladov\u00e9 vysokozdvi\u017en\u00e9 voz\u00edky a \u00fadr\u017eb\u00e1rske jednotky - jazdia ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 po stanoven\u00fdch tras\u00e1ch. Sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie dobre zvl\u00e1daj\u00fa chlad, vydr\u017eia viac ako 3 000 cyklov a nepotrebuj\u00fa ve\u013ea chladenia, \u010do vozov\u00e9 parky te\u0161\u00ed, preto\u017ee sa t\u00fdm zni\u017euje \u00fadr\u017eba.<\/p>

M\u00f4\u017ee sod\u00edk-i\u00f3n pom\u00f4c\u0165 hybridn\u00fdm elektrick\u00fdm vozidl\u00e1m (HEV)?<\/h3>

Vozidl\u00e1 HEV st\u00e1le vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 benz\u00ednov\u00e9 motory, ale maj\u00fa aj pomocn\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie. Sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie sa na tieto \u00falohy mikro- a mild-hybridov dobre hodia. R\u00fdchlo sa nab\u00edjaj\u00fa, \u013eahko sa neprehrievaj\u00fa a poskytuj\u00fa syst\u00e9mom bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fa podporu bez skuto\u010dn\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu do v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>

V \u010dom je sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e1 bat\u00e9ria pre v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1 nedostato\u010dn\u00e1?<\/h3>

Hustota energie v sod\u00edkov\u00fdch i\u00f3nov\u00fdch baleniach sa pohybuje od 100 do 160 Wh\/kg. To nesta\u010d\u00ed pre ve\u013ek\u00e9 elektromobily, ktor\u00e9 potrebuj\u00fa viac ako 250 km alebo vysok\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165 rozjazdu. L\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie teda zatia\u013e zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa kr\u00e1\u013eom v luxusn\u00fdch vozidl\u00e1ch a ve\u013ek\u00fdch SUV. Nesk\u00f4r by v\u0161ak \u013eudia mohli spoji\u0165 oba syst\u00e9my do jedn\u00e9ho.<\/p>

Typy vozidiel a najlep\u0161ie chemick\u00e9 vlastnosti bat\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/h2>
Typ vozidla<\/th>Typick\u00fd dojazd (m\u00edle)<\/th>Typick\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 (mph)<\/th>Najlep\u0161\u00ed typ bat\u00e9rie<\/th>Pre\u010do sa hod\u00ed<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
E-rik\u0161e a mikrobusy<\/td>30-60<\/td>15-25<\/td>Sod\u00edkov\u00e9 i\u00f3ny<\/td>Stredn\u00fd rozsah, cenovo dostupn\u00e9, dobr\u00e9 v chlade<\/td><\/tr>
N\u00edzkor\u00fdchlostn\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1 v susedstve<\/td>40-70<\/td>25-35<\/td>Sod\u00edkov\u00e9 i\u00f3ny<\/td>Predv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e9 trasy, trvanliv\u00e9, n\u00e1kladovo efekt\u00edvne<\/td><\/tr>
Hybridn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1<\/td>300+ (spolu)<\/td>60-90<\/td>L\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00e1 + sod\u00edkov\u00e1<\/td>Bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 + \u00faspora n\u00e1kladov v\u010faka du\u00e1lnym syst\u00e9mom<\/td><\/tr>
Vysoko v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1<\/td>250+<\/td>60+<\/td>L\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00e9<\/td>Vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na energiu a v\u00fdkon<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

Pre\u010do v\u00fdrobcovia automobilov sk\u00famaj\u00fa technol\u00f3gie sod\u00edkov\u00fdch i\u00f3nov\u00fdch bat\u00e9ri\u00ed pr\u00e1ve teraz?<\/h2>

Pre\u010do je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 dostupnos\u0165 surov\u00edn?<\/h3>

Sod\u00edk sa vyskytuje takmer v\u0161ade - v morskej vode a be\u017en\u00fdch hornin\u00e1ch. Nesp\u00f4sobuje tak\u00e9 bansk\u00e9 neporiadky ako l\u00edtium a kobalt. V\u010faka tomu s\u00fa dod\u00e1vate\u013esk\u00e9 re\u0165azce menej rizikov\u00e9 a ceny stabilnej\u0161ie.<\/p>

Pre\u010do je tepeln\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 tak\u00e1 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1?<\/h3>

Tieto bat\u00e9rie sa len tak \u013eahko nezap\u00e1lia. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nie s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 \u017eiadne n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 chladiace syst\u00e9my, r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie schva\u013eovanie a menej ob\u00e1v z po\u017eiaru. Vozov\u00e9 parky to maj\u00fa rady, preto\u017ee z\u00edskaj\u00fa bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie a jednoduch\u0161ie nastavenie bat\u00e9ri\u00ed.<\/p>

Pre\u010do s\u00fa n\u00e1klady tak\u00e9 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 na rozv\u00edjaj\u00facich sa trhoch?<\/h3>

Miesta ako ju\u017en\u00e1 \u00c1zia, Afrika a Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika potrebuj\u00fa vozidl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 nestoj\u00ed majetok. Sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie m\u00f4\u017eu zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 ceny bal\u00edkov a\u017e na 30%. To pom\u00e1ha elektrick\u00fdm vozidl\u00e1m konkurova\u0165 lacn\u00fdm benz\u00ednov\u00fdm jazdenk\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa st\u00e1le v\u0161ade vonku.<\/p>

Porovnanie n\u00e1kladov na hrub\u00e9 sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie NMC vs LFP<\/h2>
Typ bat\u00e9rie<\/th>N\u00e1klady na suroviny v porovnan\u00ed s NMC<\/th>N\u00e1klady na balenie za kWh (USD)<\/th>Potreby chladenia<\/th>Typick\u00e1 \u017eivotnos\u0165 cyklu (80% DoD)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
L\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 (NMC)<\/td>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u00fadaje<\/td>$100-130<\/td>Vysok\u00e1<\/td>1500-2000 cyklov<\/td><\/tr>
L\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 (LFP)<\/td>~10-20% ni\u017e\u0161ia<\/td>$70-100<\/td>Stredn\u00e9<\/td>4000-6000 cyklov<\/td><\/tr>
Sod\u00edkov\u00e9 i\u00f3ny<\/td>20-40% ni\u017e\u0161ia<\/td>$80-120<\/td>N\u00edzka<\/td>3000-4500 cyklov<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

Kedy sa dostan\u00fa sod\u00edkovoi\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie do masov\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvania v automobiloch?<\/h2>

Kedy bud\u00fa pripraven\u00e9 komer\u010dn\u00e9 modely?<\/h3>

Spolo\u010dnosti CATL a HiNa u\u017e maj\u00fa pripraven\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky pre automobily a ich cie\u013eom je zavies\u0165 ich do roku 2025. JAC Motors predviedla sod\u00edkovo-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 auto a pilotn\u00e9 testy sa za\u010dali aj v Indii a Eur\u00f3pe.<\/p>

Kedy by mali v\u00fdrobcovia za\u010da\u0165 s testovan\u00edm?<\/h3>

Ak sa chc\u00fa v\u00fdrobcovia OEM zamera\u0165 na dod\u00e1vkov\u00e9 elektromobily alebo mikromobily, mali by za\u010da\u0165 testova\u0165 u\u017e teraz. Rozbehnutie testov v rokoch 2024 a\u017e 2026 im umo\u017en\u00ed postupova\u0165 r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie ako ostatn\u00fdm v rovnakej hre.<\/p>

Ako s\u00fa na tom sod\u00edkovoi\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie z technick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska v porovnan\u00ed s l\u00edtiovo-i\u00f3nov\u00fdmi?<\/h2>

Ako sa d\u00e1 porovna\u0165 energetick\u00e1 hustota a v\u00fdkon?<\/h3>