{"id":4470,"date":"2025-06-02T15:30:43","date_gmt":"2025-06-02T15:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/?p=4470"},"modified":"2025-06-02T15:30:45","modified_gmt":"2025-06-02T15:30:45","slug":"what-happens-if-battery-voltage-is-too-high","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/news\/what-happens-if-battery-voltage-is-too-high\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co sa stane, ak je nap\u00e4tie bat\u00e9rie pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00davod<\/strong><\/h2>

Dovo\u013ete mi za\u010da\u0165 s priznan\u00edm: Vyp\u00e1lil som viac bat\u00e9ri\u00ed, ako by som si chcel prizna\u0165. Od prv\u00fdch laborat\u00f3rnych prototypov v 90. rokoch a\u017e po vysokonap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my v sol\u00e1rnych farm\u00e1ch som videl, ako l\u00edtiov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky bublaj\u00fa, NiMH akumul\u00e1tory napu\u010diavaj\u00fa a oloven\u00e9 kyseliny sy\u010dia ako rozz\u00faren\u00e9 kanvice - a to v\u0161etko kv\u00f4li jednej klamlivo jednoduchej premennej: nap\u00e4tie<\/strong>.<\/p>

Nap\u00e4tie bat\u00e9rie nie je len \u010d\u00edslo na \u0161t\u00edtku. Je to str\u00e1\u017eca toku energie, nevidite\u013en\u00e1 hranica medzi v\u00fdkonom a katastrofou. A predsa je nadmern\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie jedn\u00fdm z naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch podce\u0148ovan\u00ed zabijaci<\/strong> v dne\u0161n\u00fdch bat\u00e9riov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed sa zameriava na hlbok\u00e9 vyb\u00edjanie a mysl\u00ed si, \u017ee skuto\u010dn\u00fdm nepriate\u013eom je podp\u00e4tie. Ale verte mi - pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie je ako naf\u00faknutie pneumatiky bez manometra: sk\u00f4r \u010di nesk\u00f4r praskne.<\/p>

Na rozdiel od podp\u00e4tia, ktor\u00e9 \u010dasto len do\u010dasne vypne syst\u00e9m, prep\u00e4tie m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 nezvratn\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 a tepeln\u00e9 po\u0161kodenie<\/strong>. T\u00e1to pr\u00edru\u010dka nie je be\u017enou bro\u017e\u00farou o bezpe\u010dnosti nab\u00edjania. Je to to, \u010domu by som si \u017eelal, aby rozumelo viac in\u017einierov, dom\u00e1cich majstrov a syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch integr\u00e1torov: \u010do sa skuto\u010dne stane, ke\u010f nap\u00e4tie prekro\u010d\u00ed hranicu, pre\u010do sa to stane a ako to m\u00f4\u017eete zachyti\u0165 sk\u00f4r, ne\u017e sa va\u0161a bat\u00e9ria zap\u00e1li (alebo hor\u0161ie).<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>

V\u00fdrobcovia 12 V l\u00edtiov\u00fdch bat\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/a><\/strong><\/p>

Pre\u010do je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie bat\u00e9rie: Veda, ktor\u00e1 za t\u00fdm stoj\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>

Nap\u00e4tie je klzk\u00e9 zviera. Technicky je to rozdiel potenci\u00e1lov medzi dvoma svorkami. Ale v krajine bat\u00e9ri\u00ed je to z\u00e1stupn\u00fd ukazovate\u013e energetick\u00e9ho stavu<\/strong>, spr\u00e1vanie sa v chemickej f\u00e1ze a tepeln\u00e9 riziko - v\u0161etko v jednom.<\/p>

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 chemick\u00e1 zlo\u017eka bat\u00e9rie m\u00e1 \"komfortn\u00fa z\u00f3nu\" nap\u00e4tia, po prekro\u010den\u00ed ktorej za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa prevl\u00e1da\u0165 ved\u013eaj\u0161ie reakcie. Tu je stru\u010dn\u00fd odkaz:<\/p>

Ch\u00e9mia bat\u00e9rie<\/th>Nomin\u00e1lna hodnota V\/bunka<\/th>Maxim\u00e1lne nab\u00edjanie V\/\u010dl\u00e1nok<\/th>Riziko prep\u00e4tia<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Li-ion (NMC)<\/td>3.7 V<\/td>4.20 V<\/td>> 4.25 V<\/td><\/tr>
LiFePO\u2084<\/td>3.2-3.3 V<\/td>3.65 V<\/td>> 3.65-3.70 V<\/td><\/tr>
NiMH<\/td>1.2 V<\/td>~1.45 V<\/td>> 1.50 V<\/td><\/tr>
Oloven\u00fd akumul\u00e1tor<\/td>2.0 V<\/td>~2.40 V<\/td>> 2.45 V<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

Dokonca aj 0,05 V nad max.<\/strong> m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 \u010dasom katastrof\u00e1lne n\u00e1sledky. Tieto \u010d\u00edsla som pova\u017eoval za n\u00e1vod. Potom som za\u010dal vymie\u0148a\u0165 naf\u00faknut\u00e9 LiFePO\u2084 packy a \u010disti\u0165 \u00faniky elektrolytu. Nap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 limity nie s\u00fa odpor\u00fa\u010dania - s\u00fa to hranice pre\u017eitia.<\/p>

V letectve maj\u00fa piloti term\u00edn: \"z\u00e1kruta rakvy\". Je to \u00fazka z\u00f3na, kde pr\u00edli\u0161 pomal\u00e1 alebo pr\u00edli\u0161 r\u00fdchla leteck\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 znamen\u00e1 hav\u00e1riu. Nadmern\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie je k\u00fatik s rakvou sveta bat\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>

Be\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00ed\u010diny prep\u00e4tia v bat\u00e9riov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch<\/strong><\/h2>

V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina prep\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdch udalost\u00ed je sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00e9 nedopatrenia<\/strong>, poruchy kontroly nab\u00edjania<\/strong>, alebo drsn\u00e9 podmienky syst\u00e9mu<\/strong>. Obvykl\u00ed podozriv\u00ed:<\/p>

  • Nespr\u00e1vny alebo ch\u00fdbaj\u00faci syst\u00e9m riadenia bat\u00e9rie (BMS)<\/li>\n\n
  • Chybn\u00e1 regul\u00e1cia MPPT alebo sol\u00e1rnej nab\u00edja\u010dky<\/li>\n\n
  • Mie\u0161anie \u010dl\u00e1nkov s r\u00f4znym chemick\u00fdm zlo\u017een\u00edm alebo stavom nabitia<\/li>\n\n
  • Zlyhan\u00e9 obvody obmedzuj\u00face pr\u00fad<\/li>\n\n
  • Regenera\u010dn\u00e9 brzdenie v elektrick\u00fdch vozidl\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa pr\u00fad do pln\u00e9ho bal\u00edka<\/li><\/ul>

    Rekupera\u010dn\u00e9 brzdenie<\/strong>, si zasl\u00fa\u017ei pochvalu. V elektrick\u00fdch vozidl\u00e1ch bez riadneho obmedzenia regenera\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u00fadu, sp\u00e4tn\u00e9 EMP z motorov po\u010das prudk\u00e9ho spomalenia m\u00f4\u017ee prekro\u010di\u0165 menovit\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie balenia<\/strong>, najm\u00e4 ak je bat\u00e9ria u\u017e plne nabit\u00e1. Je to ako sna\u017ei\u0165 sa natla\u010di\u0165 viac vody do u\u017e pln\u00e9ho bal\u00f3na - h\u00e1dajte, \u010do sa stane?<\/p>

    \u010co sa deje z fyzik\u00e1lneho a chemick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska, ke\u010f je nap\u00e4tie pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9?<\/strong><\/h2>

    Tu sa guma stret\u00e1va s cestou - alebo sk\u00f4r elektrolyt s iskrou.<\/p>

    Prep\u00e4tie sp\u00f4sobuje kask\u00e1du po\u0161koden\u00ed:<\/p>

    • Rozklad elektrolytu<\/strong>\u00a0Rozp\u00fa\u0161\u0165adl\u00e1 ako EC a DMC sa rozkladaj\u00fa, pri\u010dom vznik\u00e1 plyn a tlak.<\/li>\n\n
    • L\u00edtiov\u00e9 pokovovanie<\/strong>\u00a0Kovov\u00e9 usadeniny l\u00edtia na povrchu an\u00f3dy, najm\u00e4 po\u010das r\u00fdchleho nab\u00edjania alebo pri\u00a0n\u00edzke teploty<\/strong>, kde sa spomal\u00ed interkal\u00e1cia i\u00f3nov.<\/li>\n\n
    • Hromadenie plynu a opuch<\/strong>\u00a0Uzavret\u00e9 obaly sa m\u00f4\u017eu naf\u00faknu\u0165 ako vank\u00fa\u0161e. Videl som, ako sa balenia otv\u00e1raj\u00fa ako Jiffy Pop na spor\u00e1ku.<\/li>\n\n
    • Vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 \u0161ortky<\/strong>\u00a0Dendrity z l\u00edtia m\u00f4\u017eu prerazi\u0165 separ\u00e1tory.<\/li>\n\n
    • Tepeln\u00fd \u00fanik<\/strong>\u00a0Ke\u010f sa nahromad\u00ed dostato\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo tepla, hra sa skon\u010d\u00ed. Re\u0165azov\u00e1 reakcia zap\u00e1li hor\u013eav\u00fd elektrolyt.<\/li><\/ul>

      Ani takzvan\u00e9 \"bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie\", ako napr\u00edklad LiFePO\u2084, nie s\u00fa im\u00fanne vo\u010di zneu\u017eitiu - s\u00fa len viac odp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165<\/strong>, nie je neporazite\u013en\u00fd.<\/p>

      \u00da\u010dinky na r\u00f4zne typy bat\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>

      LiFePO\u2084 (LFP)<\/strong><\/h3>
      • Bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie ako in\u00e9 varianty Li-ion v\u010faka stabilite fosf\u00e1tovej ch\u00e9mie.<\/li>\n\n
      • Napriek tomu,\u00a0nad 3,65 V\/\u010dl\u00e1nok<\/strong>, doch\u00e1dza k tvorbe plynu a napu\u010daniu.<\/li>\n\n
      • Dlhodob\u00e9 zneu\u017e\u00edvanie vedie k \u00fabytku kapacity a vn\u00fatorn\u00e9mu po\u0161kodeniu.<\/li><\/ul>

        Li-ion (NMC, LCO)<\/strong><\/h3>
        • Extr\u00e9mne citliv\u00e9 na prep\u00e4tie.<\/li>\n\n
        • Pri nap\u00e4t\u00ed nad 4,25 V\/\u010dl\u00e1nok o\u010dak\u00e1vajte rozpad elektrolytu, plyn, pokovovanie l\u00edtia a\u00a0potenci\u00e1lny po\u017eiar<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n
        • Pr\u00e1ve odtia\u013eto poch\u00e1dzali pred rokmi nesl\u00e1vne zn\u00e1me \"po\u017eiare na hoverboarde\".<\/li><\/ul>

          NiMH<\/strong><\/h3>
          • Pr\u00ed\u010diny nadmern\u00e9ho nab\u00edjania\u00a0sply\u0148ovanie a zvy\u0161ovanie tlaku<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n
          • M\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 k roztrhnutiu pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165a, ale zvy\u010dajne sa nezap\u00e1li kv\u00f4li vodn\u00e9mu elektrolytu.<\/li>\n\n
          • Dobr\u00e1 BMS a sn\u00edma\u010de teploty pom\u00e1haj\u00fa zmierni\u0165.<\/li><\/ul>

            Pozn\u00e1mka: NiMH netrp\u00ed tepeln\u00fdm \u00fanikom ako Li-ion, ale st\u00e1le sa m\u00f4\u017ee prudko vypusti\u0165<\/strong> ak sa opakovane preb\u00edja.<\/p><\/blockquote>

            Oloven\u00fd akumul\u00e1tor<\/strong><\/h3>
            • Nadmern\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie poh\u00e1\u0148a\u00a0elektrol\u00fdza vody<\/strong>, pri\u010dom sa uvo\u013e\u0148uje vod\u00edk a kysl\u00edk.<\/li>\n\n
            • T\u00fdm sa vy\u010derp\u00e1va elektrolyt, degraduj\u00fa dosky a v uzavret\u00fdch typoch,\u00a0rizik\u00e1 v\u00fdbuchu<\/strong>\u00a0ak sa odvzdu\u0161nenie nepodar\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul>

              Re\u00e1lne pr\u00edznaky a varovn\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly prep\u00e4tia<\/strong><\/h2>

              Ak vid\u00edte niektor\u00fa z nich, okam\u017eite zastavi\u0165 nab\u00edjanie<\/strong>:<\/p>

              • Opuchnut\u00fd alebo naf\u00faknut\u00fd kryt bat\u00e9rie<\/li>\n\n
              • Nezvy\u010dajn\u00e9 teplo po\u010das nab\u00edjania alebo po \u0148om<\/li>\n\n
              • Chemick\u00fd alebo sp\u00e1len\u00fd z\u00e1pach<\/li>\n\n
              • \u00danik alebo zvy\u0161ky v bl\u00edzkosti svoriek<\/li>\n\n
              • Zobrazenie \"OV\" alebo \"Vysok\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie\"<\/li>\n\n
              • Neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00e9 vypnutie BMS alebo chybov\u00e9 k\u00f3dy meni\u010da<\/li><\/ul>

                Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 syst\u00e9my BMS \u010dasto zaznamen\u00e1vanie DTC (diagnostick\u00fdch k\u00f3dov por\u00fach)<\/strong> cez rozhrania CAN alebo UART - neignorujte ich. Nie s\u00fa to len \"z\u00e1vady\" - s\u00fa to \u010derven\u00e9 vlajky.<\/p>

                Vplyv na pripojen\u00e9 zariadenia a bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 syst\u00e9mu<\/strong><\/h2>

                Prep\u00e4tie ne\u0161kod\u00ed len bat\u00e9rii. Umiest\u0148uje cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong> v ohrozen\u00ed:<\/p>

                • Po\u0161koden\u00e9 stopy PCB, regul\u00e1tory a kondenz\u00e1tory<\/li>\n\n
                • Spustenie prep\u00e4\u0165ovej ochrany (OVP) v sol\u00e1rnych strieda\u010doch, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuje vypnutie syst\u00e9mu<\/li>\n\n
                • V DC-spojen\u00fdch zostav\u00e1ch sa m\u00f4\u017ee porucha jedn\u00e9ho bal\u00edka kask\u00e1dovito \u0161\u00edri\u0165 po celej zbernici<\/li><\/ul>

                  V jednom projekte sol\u00e1rnej farmy zle nakonfigurovan\u00fd MPPT umo\u017enil, aby sa nap\u00e4tie 96 V v Li-ion akumul\u00e1tore zv\u00fd\u0161ilo nad 100 V. V\u00fdsledok? Nielen\u017ee bat\u00e9ria napu\u010dala, ale meni\u010d vypr\u00e1\u017eal svoj vstupn\u00fd stupe\u0148<\/strong>. To je p\u00e4\u0165cifern\u00e1 suma.<\/p>

                  Ako zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 prep\u00e4tiu v bat\u00e9riov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch<\/strong><\/h2>

                  Tomuto v\u0161etk\u00e9mu sa m\u00f4\u017eete vyhn\u00fa\u0165 pomocou spo\u013eahliv\u00e9ho dizajnu a osved\u010den\u00fdch postupov:<\/p>

                  • Pou\u017eite\u00a0spo\u013eahliv\u00e1 BMS<\/strong>\u00a0s monitorovan\u00edm na \u00farovni buniek<\/li>\n\n
                  • Nastavenie\u00a0horn\u00e9 limity nap\u00e4tia<\/strong>\u00a0v MPPT, strieda\u010doch a nab\u00edja\u010dk\u00e1ch<\/li>\n\n
                  • Vyhnite sa mie\u0161aniu buniek s r\u00f4znym SoC, vekom alebo chemick\u00fdm zlo\u017een\u00edm<\/li>\n\n
                  • Zahrn\u00fa\u0165\u00a0sn\u00edma\u010de teploty<\/strong>-tolerancia nap\u00e4tia kles\u00e1 v chladn\u00fdch podmienkach<\/li>\n\n
                  • Pou\u017eite\u00a0prednab\u00edjacie obvody<\/strong>\u00a0pri prip\u00e1jan\u00ed ve\u013ek\u00fdch bal\u00edkov<\/li><\/ul>

                    V\u00e1\u017ene: v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina katastrofick\u00fdch zlyhan\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 som videl v ter\u00e9ne, mohla by\u0165 vyhn\u00fa\u0165 s \\$20 smart BMS<\/strong>.<\/p>

                    \u010co robi\u0165 pri podozren\u00ed na prep\u00e4tie (krok za krokom)<\/strong><\/h2>
                    1. Okam\u017eite zastavte nab\u00edjanie.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n
                    2. Nechajte balenie vychladn\u00fa\u0165<\/strong>\u00a0prirodzene - ak doch\u00e1dza k odvetr\u00e1vaniu, nepok\u00fa\u0161ajte sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ventil\u00e1tory.<\/li>\n\n
                    3. Meranie svorkov\u00e9ho nap\u00e4tia<\/strong>\u00a0a skontrolova\u0165 anom\u00e1lie v jednotliv\u00fdch bunk\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n\n
                    4. Kontrola balenia<\/strong>\u00a0pre opuch, sy\u010danie alebo zvy\u0161ky.<\/li>\n\n
                    5. Zaznamenajte v\u0161etky k\u00f3dy BMS alebo meni\u010da.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n
                    6. Ak balenie vykazuje fyzick\u00e9 po\u0161kodenie,\u00a0spr\u00e1vne zlikvidova\u0165 alebo recyklova\u0165.<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ol>

                      Nikdy sa nepok\u00fa\u0161ajte nab\u00edja\u0165 alebo op\u00e4tovne pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 l\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok, ktor\u00fd vykazuje opuch alebo ventil\u00e1ciu - hroz\u00ed nebezpe\u010denstvo po\u017eiaru.<\/p><\/blockquote>

                      Z\u00e1ver<\/strong><\/h2>

                      Prep\u00e4tie nemus\u00ed v\u017edy sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 okam\u017eit\u00fd oh\u0148ostroj, ale je to tikaj\u00faca \u010dasovan\u00e1 bomba<\/strong>. \u010ci u\u017e prev\u00e1dzkujete sol\u00e1rny pr\u00edstre\u0161ok alebo flotilu vysokozdvi\u017en\u00fdch voz\u00edkov, riadenie nap\u00e4tia nie je volite\u013en\u00e9. Je to kritick\u00e1 \u00faloha.<\/p>

                      Komponenty si vyberajte s rozvahou. Prisp\u00f4sobte chemick\u00fd zlo\u017eenie svojej nab\u00edja\u010dke. A predov\u0161etk\u00fdm...re\u0161pektova\u0165 nap\u00e4tie.<\/strong><\/p>

                      \u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/strong><\/h2>

                      Ot\u00e1zka 1: Je nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9, ak nap\u00e4tie bat\u00e9rie mierne prekro\u010d\u00ed menovit\u00fa hodnotu?<\/strong><\/h3>

                      \u00c1no. Dokonca aj 0,05 V na \u010dl\u00e1nok nad \u0161pecifik\u00e1ciou<\/strong>\u010dasom ur\u00fdch\u013euje degrad\u00e1ciu. Nie je to len jednorazov\u00fd n\u00e1rast, ktor\u00fd je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd - je to kumulat\u00edvna expoz\u00edcia<\/strong>.<\/p>

                      Ot\u00e1zka 2: Ak\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie je pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9 pre 12 V LiFePO\u2084 bat\u00e9riu?<\/strong><\/h3>

                      Obvykle je absol\u00fatnym limitom nab\u00edjania 14,6 V (3,65 V \u00d7 4 \u010dl\u00e1nky). \u010coko\u013evek nad 14,7 V rizik\u00e1 tvorby plynu a napu\u010diavania<\/strong>.<\/p>

                      Ot\u00e1zka 3: M\u00f4\u017ee nadmern\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 v\u00fdbuch bat\u00e9rie?<\/strong><\/h3>

                      \u00c1no - najm\u00e4 s l\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00fdm akumul\u00e1torom. Ale nejde len o samotn\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie, ale aj o re\u0165azov\u00e1 reakcia, ktor\u00fa sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a.<\/strong>: plyn \u2192 teplo \u2192 prasknutie \u2192 po\u017eiar.<\/p>

                      Ot\u00e1zka 4: Ak\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pom\u00e1haj\u00fa monitorova\u0165 nap\u00e4tie bat\u00e9rie v re\u00e1lnom \u010dase?<\/strong><\/h3>

                      Inteligentn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my BMS (napr. Daly, JBD), monitory bat\u00e9ri\u00ed Victron a rie\u0161enia na b\u00e1ze bo\u010dn\u00edkov, ako napr. Monitory bat\u00e9ri\u00ed Renogy<\/strong> v\u0161etku pomoc.<\/p>

                      Ot\u00e1zka 5: M\u00e1m presta\u0165 nab\u00edja\u0165, ke\u010f po\u010dujem sy\u010danie alebo vid\u00edm opuch?<\/strong><\/h3>

                      Absol\u00fatne. V \u010dase, ke\u010f to uvid\u00edte alebo budete po\u010du\u0165, \u0161kody u\u017e vznikaj\u00fa<\/strong>. Okam\u017eite odpojte z\u00e1str\u010dku a skontrolujte ju.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      \u00davod Dovo\u013ete mi za\u010da\u0165 priznan\u00edm: Sma\u017eil som viac bat\u00e9ri\u00ed, ako by som si chcel prizna\u0165. Od prv\u00fdch laborat\u00f3rnych prototypov v 90. rokoch a\u017e po vysokonap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my v sol\u00e1rnych farm\u00e1ch som videl, ako l\u00edtiov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky bublaj\u00fa, NiMH akumul\u00e1tory napu\u010diavaj\u00fa a oloven\u00e9 kyseliny sy\u010dia ako rozz\u00faren\u00e9 kanvice - a to v\u0161etko kv\u00f4li jednej klamlivo jednoduchej veli\u010dine: nap\u00e4tiu. Nap\u00e4tie bat\u00e9rie nie je len \u010d\u00edslo...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2839,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news_catalog","category-product-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4470","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4470"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4470\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4471,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4470\/revisions\/4471"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2839"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}