{"id":5228,"date":"2026-06-09T09:34:05","date_gmt":"2026-06-09T09:34:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/?p=5228"},"modified":"2026-06-09T09:34:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T09:34:09","slug":"how-to-size-sodium-ion-battery-for-dusk-to-dawn-solar-lighting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/news\/how-to-size-sodium-ion-battery-for-dusk-to-dawn-solar-lighting\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak dimenzovat sod\u00edkovo-iontovou baterii pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak vybrat spr\u00e1vnou velikost <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/sodium-ion-battery-manufacturers\/\">Sod\u00edkovo-iontov\u00e1 baterie<\/a><\/strong> pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu. Volba velikosti sod\u00edko-iontov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu nen\u00ed jen ot\u00e1zkou v\u00fdpo\u010dtu kapacity v Ah. Bateriov\u00fd modul mus\u00ed zajistit pokryt\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed spot\u0159eby energie, rezervu pro zamra\u010den\u00e9 dny, omezen\u00e9 dob\u00edjen\u00ed ze slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, nab\u00edjen\u00ed za chladn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed a stabiln\u00ed jas LED diod bez opakovan\u00e9ho spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ochrann\u00fdch mechanism\u016f syst\u00e9mu BMS.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mnoho projekt\u016f sel\u017ee, proto\u017ee ve skute\u010dnosti se mus\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtat s dlouh\u00fdmi zimn\u00edmi nocemi, re\u017eimy stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, slab\u00fdm slune\u010dn\u00edm svitem, st\u00e1rnut\u00edm panel\u016f, ztr\u00e1tami v regul\u00e1torech, omezen\u00edmi p\u0159i nab\u00edjen\u00ed za studena a teplem \u010di vlhkost\u00ed uvnit\u0159 bateriov\u00e9ho prostoru. Kl\u00ed\u010dovou ot\u00e1zkou je, kolik vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 energie mus\u00ed hotov\u00fd akumul\u00e1torov\u00fd blok dodat a z\u00edskat zp\u011bt za nejhor\u0161\u00edch b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch sv\u011bteln\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Za\u010dn\u011bte s no\u010dn\u00ed energi\u00ed, ne s kapacitou baterie<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e LED ur\u010duje velikost baterie.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159i osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu je prvn\u00edm krokem p\u0159i dimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed stanoven\u00ed denn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 spot\u0159eby:<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Denn\u00ed spot\u0159eba energie na osv\u011btlen\u00ed = p\u0159\u00edkon LED \u00d7 po\u010det provozn\u00edch hodin<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud sv\u00edtidlo sv\u00edt\u00ed celou noc na pln\u00fd v\u00fdkon, v\u00fdpo\u010det je p\u0159\u00edmo\u010dar\u00fd. LED sv\u00edtidlo o v\u00fdkonu 40 W, kter\u00e9 sv\u00edt\u00ed 12 hodin, spot\u0159ebuje 480 Wh p\u0159ed ode\u010dten\u00edm syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t a rezervy. Pokud sv\u00edtidlo vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, detekci pohybu nebo pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonu, m\u011bl by v\u00fdpo\u010det vych\u00e1zet ze skute\u010dn\u00e9ho profilu osv\u011btlen\u00ed, nikoli z maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdkonu uveden\u00e9ho na sv\u00edtidle.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mnoho sol\u00e1rn\u00edch sv\u00edtidel nefunguje celou noc na pln\u00fd v\u00fdkon. N\u011bkter\u00e1 sv\u00edt\u00ed s vysok\u00fdm jasem prvn\u00edch p\u00e1r hodin, po p\u016flnoci v\u00fdkon sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a p\u0159ed r\u00e1nem se op\u011bt rozsv\u00edt\u00ed. Jin\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed re\u017eim zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu p\u0159i detekci pohybu. Velikost baterie by m\u011bla b\u00fdt zvolena na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto skute\u010dn\u00e9ho energetick\u00e9ho profilu. Amperohodiny p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed na \u0159adu a\u017e pozd\u011bji. Watt-hodiny jsou na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e9lka noci m\u00e1 na \u017eivotnost baterie v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vliv ne\u017e jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon LED<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Syst\u00e9m funguj\u00edc\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed podle tmy, nikoli podle pevn\u011b stanoven\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed doby.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee stejn\u00e9 LED sv\u00edtidlo m\u016f\u017ee v r\u016fzn\u00fdch regionech nebo ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00edch vy\u017eadovat baterii s odli\u0161nou kapacitou. Sv\u00edtidlo, kter\u00e9 v l\u00e9t\u011b vydr\u017e\u00ed sv\u00edtit 10 hodin, m\u016f\u017ee v zim\u011b v z\u00e1vislosti na lokalit\u011b pot\u0159ebovat kapacitu na 13\u201315 hodin. Pokud je velikost baterie dimenzov\u00e1na na z\u00e1klad\u011b pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky noci, m\u016f\u017ee syst\u00e9m v obdob\u00ed, kdy je slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nejslab\u0161\u00ed, pod\u00e1vat nedostate\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To je na sol\u00e1rn\u00edm osv\u011btlen\u00ed to nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed: nejdel\u0161\u00ed noci \u010dasto p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b v dob\u011b, kdy jsou podm\u00ednky pro nab\u00edjen\u00ed nejhor\u0161\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U sod\u00edko-iontov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed by se p\u0159i dimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed pro zimn\u00ed provoz nem\u011blo br\u00e1t v \u00favahu pouze vyb\u00edjen\u00ed. Baterie m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 pot\u0159ebovat dobit\u00ed, pokud je bateriov\u00fd prostor studen\u00fd. Pokud syst\u00e9m BMS p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00e9 teplot\u011b \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f blokuje nebo omezuje nab\u00edjen\u00ed, je t\u0159eba zav\u00e9st strategii obnovy. Baterie, kter\u00e1 se dok\u00e1\u017ee vyb\u00edt b\u011bhem chladn\u00e9 noci, nen\u00ed automaticky p\u0159ipravena p\u0159ij\u00edmat sol\u00e1rn\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho r\u00e1na.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed pro provoz od soumraku do \u00fasvitu by m\u011blo vych\u00e1zet z nejdel\u0161\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 noci, kterou mus\u00ed projekt zvl\u00e1dnout, nikoli z nejm\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed noci v roce.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dny autonomie rozhodnou o tom, zda osv\u011btlen\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eije nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kapacita baterie sol\u00e1rn\u00edho osv\u011btlen\u00ed by nem\u011bla b\u00fdt dimenzov\u00e1na pouze na jeden cyklus za slune\u010dn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed. Je t\u0159eba po\u010d\u00edtat tak\u00e9 s rezervn\u00ed energi\u00ed pro zamra\u010den\u00e9 nebo de\u0161tiv\u00e9 dny, kdy panel nedok\u00e1\u017ee baterii pln\u011b nab\u00edt.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tato rezerva se obvykle ozna\u010duje jako v\u00fddr\u017e: jak dlouho m\u016f\u017ee osv\u011btlen\u00ed fungovat bez dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edsunu slune\u010dn\u00ed energie. Vhodn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka v\u00fddr\u017ee z\u00e1vis\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm projektu.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dekorativn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed chodn\u00edku m\u016f\u017ee po nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed sn\u00e1\u0161et sn\u00ed\u017eenou sv\u00edtivost. To v\u0161ak neplat\u00ed pro m\u011bstsk\u00e9 pouli\u010dn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed, osv\u011btlen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstavi\u0161\u0165, parkovi\u0161\u0165 nebo osv\u011btlen\u00ed v odlehl\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch oblastech. Pokud m\u00e1 projekt zajistit osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu i b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika zamra\u010den\u00fdch dn\u016f, mus\u00ed baterie tuto rezervu uchovat, ani\u017e by byla pravideln\u011b vyb\u00edjena a\u017e do stavu hlubok\u00e9ho vybit\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toto rozhodnut\u00ed je stejn\u011b tak obchodn\u00ed jako technick\u00e9. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dojezd znamen\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed baterii a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady. Men\u0161\u00ed dojezd sice sni\u017euje n\u00e1klady, ale zvy\u0161uje riziko v\u00fdpadku. Velikost bateriov\u00e9ho modulu by m\u011bla vych\u00e1zet z po\u017eadovan\u00e9 provozn\u00ed v\u00fddr\u017ee, nikoli z nejmen\u0161\u00ed baterie, kter\u00e1 vydr\u017e\u00ed fungovat za slune\u010dn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vyu\u017eiteln\u00e1 energie je men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jmenovit\u00e1 energie<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jmenovit\u00e1 energie sod\u00edko-iontov\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru se nemus\u00ed v\u017edy shodovat s energi\u00ed, kterou m\u016f\u017ee osv\u011btlovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m skute\u010dn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vyu\u017eiteln\u00e1 energie z\u00e1vis\u00ed na rozmez\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed akumul\u00e1toru, limitu vyb\u00edjen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu BMS, vyp\u00ednac\u00edm bodu sol\u00e1rn\u00edho regul\u00e1toru, chov\u00e1n\u00ed ovlada\u010de LED, teplot\u011b, odhadu stavu nabit\u00ed (SOC) a rezervn\u00ed mar\u017ei. Pokud regul\u00e1tor zastav\u00ed vyb\u00edjen\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b, \u010d\u00e1st baterie z\u016fstane nevyu\u017eit\u00e1. Pokud se BMS stane za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm pro rutinn\u00ed vyp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee syst\u00e9m n\u00e1hle vypnout nam\u00edsto toho, aby se ztlumil nebo zastavil kontrolovan\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prakti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vzorec pro v\u00fdpo\u010det velikosti je:<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Po\u017eadovan\u00e1 jmenovit\u00e1 energie baterie \u2248 denn\u00ed spot\u0159eba LED \u00d7 koeficient syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t \u00d7 po\u010det dn\u00ed autonomie \u00f7 pod\u00edl vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 energie<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Faktor syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t by m\u011bl zahrnovat ztr\u00e1ty v nap\u00e1jec\u00edm zdroji LED, ztr\u00e1ty v \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed jednotce, ztr\u00e1ty v kabel\u00e1\u017ei, vliv teploty, rezervu na st\u00e1rnut\u00ed panel\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i instalaci. Pod\u00edl vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 energie nen\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed. Mus\u00ed vych\u00e1zet z kone\u010dn\u00e9ho n\u00e1vrhu sestavy a nastaven\u00ed \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed jednotky.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U sod\u00edko-iontov\u00fdch bateriov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f by m\u011bla b\u00fdt tato hranice nastavena na \u00farovni cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Kapacita \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, ochrana syst\u00e9mu BMS, vyp\u00ednac\u00ed prahov\u00e1 hodnota regul\u00e1toru a c\u00edlov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 spolehlivosti projektu \u2013 to v\u0161e ovliv\u0148uje, kolik jmenovit\u00e9 energie lze ka\u017edou noc vyu\u017e\u00edt.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Baterie mus\u00ed odpov\u00eddat \u010dasov\u00e9mu oknu pro dob\u00edjen\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00edho panelu<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed baterie probl\u00e9m nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed, pokud ji sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panel nedok\u00e1\u017ee dob\u00edt.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu funguje na principu energetick\u00e9ho cyklu: b\u011bhem dne se baterie nab\u00edj\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed energi\u00ed a v noci se vyb\u00edj\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00edm LED diod. Pokud je panel nedostate\u010dn\u011b dimenzovan\u00fd, baterie po n\u011bkolika dnech postupn\u011b ztr\u00e1c\u00ed stav nabit\u00ed (SOC). Sv\u011btlo m\u016f\u017ee zpo\u010d\u00e1tku fungovat, ale po del\u0161\u00edm obdob\u00ed slab\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu m\u016f\u017ee ztlumit nebo se \u00fapln\u011b vypnout.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panel by m\u011bl b\u00fdt dimenzov\u00e1n s ohledem na stejn\u00e9 nejhor\u0161\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 podm\u00ednky jako baterie: p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9 denn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, po\u010det slune\u010dn\u00edch hodin v dan\u00e9m ro\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed, orientaci panelu, \u00fa\u010dinnost regul\u00e1toru, teplotu, zast\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed, prach a pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Baterie nedok\u00e1\u017ee energii vytv\u00e1\u0159et; dok\u00e1\u017ee pouze ukl\u00e1dat energii, kterou j\u00ed dod\u00e1v\u00e1 panel.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U syst\u00e9m\u016f s sod\u00edkov\u00fdmi ionty hraje obnoven\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed v chladn\u00fdch oblastech je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed roli. Pokud je k dispozici rann\u00ed slunce, ale syst\u00e9m BMS omezuje nab\u00edjen\u00ed, dokud se \u010dl\u00e1nky neoh\u0159ej\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee syst\u00e9m p\u0159ij\u00edt o \u010d\u00e1st vhodn\u00e9ho \u010dasov\u00e9ho okna pro nab\u00edjen\u00ed. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu vyh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed baterie, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nab\u00edjec\u00edho proudu nebo volba sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Syst\u00e9m funguj\u00edc\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu sel\u017ee, pokud je v\u00fdkon rekupera\u010dn\u00edho okruhu ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e no\u010dn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kapacita sod\u00edko-iontov\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru se mus\u00ed dimenzovat jako hotov\u00fd akumul\u00e1torov\u00fd blok, nikoli jako pouh\u00e1 hodnota kapacity v Ah<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kapacitu sod\u00edkov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed by se nem\u011blo ur\u010dovat pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b nahrazen\u00ed lithiov\u00fdch nebo olov\u011bn\u00fdch bateri\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rozsah nap\u011bt\u00ed bateriov\u00e9ho modulu, pou\u017eiteln\u00fd rozsah stavu nabit\u00ed (SOC), povolen\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, vyp\u00ednac\u00ed prahov\u00e1 hodnota syst\u00e9mu BMS, nastaven\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00edho regul\u00e1toru a chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i obnov\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt posuzov\u00e1ny jako jeden celek. Sod\u00edko-iontov\u00fd bateriov\u00fd modul m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody pro venkovn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed, av\u0161ak tyto v\u00fdhody je t\u0159eba prom\u00edtnout do provozn\u00edch limit\u016f na \u00farovni bateriov\u00e9ho modulu.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se bal\u00ed\u010dku jsou jednoduch\u00e9:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Hranice sod\u00edko-iontov\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru<\/th><th>Pro\u010d na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Rozsah nap\u011bt\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dku<\/td><td>Stanovuje kompatibilitu regul\u00e1tor\u016f a vyu\u017eitelnou energii<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vypnut\u00ed v\u00fdboje BMS<\/td><td>Ur\u010duje, kdy se sv\u011btlo zhasne nebo ztlum\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed k nab\u00edjen\u00ed BMS<\/td><td>Ur\u010duje, zda se bal\u00ed\u010dek m\u016f\u017ee r\u00e1no obnovit<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pravidlo pro nab\u00edjen\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch<\/td><td>Ovliv\u0148uje vyu\u017eit\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed energie v zimn\u00edm obdob\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rozsah pou\u017eiteln\u00e9ho SOC<\/td><td>P\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed udan\u00e9 hodnoty na \u0161t\u00edtku (Wh) na skute\u010dn\u011b vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 hodnoty (Wh)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i obnov\u011b ochrany<\/td><td>Ur\u010duje, zda se syst\u00e9m restartuje bez slu\u017eby<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud tyto hranice nejsou jasn\u011b stanoveny, m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee baterie bude m\u00edt sice spr\u00e1vnou kapacitu, ale v praxi nebude fungovat spr\u00e1vn\u011b.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chladn\u00e9 oblasti ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed ob\u011b str\u00e1nky probl\u00e9mu s velikost\u00ed<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sod\u00edkov\u00e9 baterie mohou b\u00fdt zaj\u00edmavou volbou pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed v chladn\u00fdch oblastech, av\u0161ak jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed v chladn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u00e1 st\u00e1le sv\u00e1 omezen\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vyb\u00edjen\u00ed za studena a nab\u00edjen\u00ed za studena p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 provozn\u00ed stavy. Sada sod\u00edko-iontov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee za stanoven\u00fdch podm\u00ednek podporovat vyb\u00edjen\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, zat\u00edmco nab\u00edjen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i studen\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch vy\u017eadovat ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed proud, odlo\u017een\u00e9 nab\u00edjen\u00ed, vyh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nebo povolen\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 syst\u00e9mem BMS.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U sol\u00e1rn\u00edho osv\u011btlen\u00ed je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, proto\u017ee baterie je \u010dasto nejchladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem nab\u00edjen\u00ed. Syst\u00e9m se p\u0159es noc vyb\u00edj\u00ed a p\u0159i v\u00fdchodu slunce se pokou\u0161\u00ed dob\u00edt. Pokud je prostor pro baterii st\u00e1le studen\u00fd, m\u016f\u017ee syst\u00e9m BMS nab\u00edjen\u00ed zablokovat nebo omezit. Pokud regul\u00e1tor tuto hranici nerozpozn\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee se syst\u00e9m dob\u00edjet pomalu nebo se chovat nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chlad m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 vliv na pokles nap\u011bt\u00ed a vyu\u017eitelnou kapacitu p\u0159i zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 osv\u011btlen\u00edm obvykle nen\u00ed tak n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 jako zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed m\u011bni\u010de, ale dlouh\u00e9 zimn\u00ed noci a opakovan\u00e9 zamra\u010den\u00e9 dny mohou bateriov\u00fd modul p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit k doln\u00ed hranici provozn\u00edho rozsahu.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed sv\u00edtidlo pro chladn\u00e9 oblasti by m\u011blo b\u00fdt dimenzov\u00e1no s ohledem na zimn\u00ed podm\u00ednky: dlouh\u00e9 noci, slab\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, studen\u00e9 baterie a omezen\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd prostor pro dob\u00edjen\u00ed.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strategie stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zmen\u0161it velikost baterie, ale pouze pokud odpov\u00edd\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu zp\u016fsobu pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed je jedn\u00edm z nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak zmen\u0161it velikost baterie p\u0159i osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Osv\u011btlen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 sv\u00edt\u00ed celou noc na pln\u00fd v\u00fdkon, spot\u0159ebuje mnohem v\u00edce energie ne\u017e osv\u011btlen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 sv\u00edt\u00ed na pln\u00fd v\u00fdkon ve\u010der, v dob\u011b s n\u00edzk\u00fdm provozem na 40\u201360 % v\u00fdkonu a p\u0159ed r\u00e1nem se vr\u00e1t\u00ed k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu v\u00fdkonu. Detekce pohybu m\u016f\u017ee v oblastech s n\u00edzk\u00fdm provozem spot\u0159ebu energie je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce sn\u00ed\u017eit.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak nen\u00ed jen technick\u00fd trik. M\u011bn\u00ed to charakter osv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed sv\u00edtidlo m\u016f\u017ee z bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f vy\u017eadovat vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed jas. Silni\u010dn\u00ed nebo parkovac\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee vy\u017eadovat minim\u00e1ln\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed z d\u016fvodu dodr\u017een\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016f nebo pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pocitu jistoty u\u017eivatel\u016f. Osv\u011btlen\u00ed odlehl\u00e9 cesty m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00e1\u0161et v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ztlumen\u00ed. Dekorativn\u00ed zahradn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee up\u0159ednost\u0148ovat dobu sv\u00edcen\u00ed p\u0159ed jasem.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kapacita baterie by m\u011bla odpov\u00eddat \u00farovni jasu, kterou mus\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b poskytovat. Pokud se stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze proto, aby se nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 kapacita baterie jevila jako p\u0159ijateln\u00e1, syst\u00e9m u\u017eivatele zklame.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kontroln\u00ed seznam pro zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed rozm\u011br\u016f<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne\u017e si vyberete sod\u00edko-iontovou baterii, ov\u011b\u0159te si konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed parametry projektu.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Zad\u00e1n\u00ed velikosti<\/th><th>Pro\u010d na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>P\u0159\u00edkon LED<\/td><td>Ur\u010duje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed odb\u011br energie<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pl\u00e1n stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td><td>Ur\u010duje skute\u010dn\u00fd no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkon, nikoli pouze \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkon<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nejdel\u0161\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed hodiny<\/td><td>Zabra\u0148uje zimn\u00edmu poddimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Po\u017eadovan\u00fd po\u010det dn\u00ed s autonomn\u00edm provozem<\/td><td>Ur\u010duje rezervu pro zamra\u010den\u00e9 dny<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Po\u010det hodin slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu v zimn\u00edm obdob\u00ed<\/td><td>Ur\u010duje denn\u00ed schopnost regenerace<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Velikost a sklon sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f<\/td><td>Ur\u010duje, kolik energie se m\u016f\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd den vr\u00e1tit<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00da\u010dinnost regul\u00e1toru a vyp\u00ednac\u00ed bod<\/td><td>Okno s informacemi o stavu baterie<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pod\u00edl vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 energie v baterii<\/td><td>P\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon (Wh) na u\u017eitn\u00fd v\u00fdkon (Wh)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rozsah teplot nab\u00edjen\u00ed<\/td><td>Ovliv\u0148uje rann\u00ed a zimn\u00ed dob\u00edjen\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Velikost obydl\u00ed a vystaven\u00ed vlhkosti<\/td><td>Ovliv\u0148uje tepelnou stabilitu a provozn\u00ed spolehlivost<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bez t\u011bchto \u00fadaj\u016f je dimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed proudov\u00e9ho \u010derpadla v\u011bt\u0161inou jen h\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Skute\u010dn\u00fdch omezen\u00ed velikosti je m\u00e1lo, ale jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konstrukce sod\u00edko-iontov\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu se obvykle \u0159\u00edd\u00ed n\u011bkolika z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi parametry, nikoli dlouh\u00fdm seznamem specifikac\u00ed.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Rozm\u011brov\u00e1 hranice<\/th><th>Co se m\u011bn\u00ed v balen\u00ed<\/th><th>Selh\u00e1n\u00ed, pokud je ignorov\u00e1no<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Energie nejdel\u0161\u00ed noci<\/td><td>Po\u017eadovan\u00e1 spot\u0159ebovan\u00e1 energie v Wh na jeden kompletn\u00ed cyklus osv\u011btlen\u00ed<\/td><td>Sv\u011btlo zhasne je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00edm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Po\u017eadavek na autonomii<\/td><td>Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed kapacita pro zamra\u010den\u00e9 nebo de\u0161tiv\u00e9 dny<\/td><td>Sv\u011btlo funguje po slune\u010dn\u00fdch dnech, ale po \u0161patn\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed selh\u00e1v\u00e1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Okno pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed rekuperaci<\/td><td>Velikost panelu, nab\u00edjec\u00ed proud a chov\u00e1n\u00ed regul\u00e1toru<\/td><td>Baterie p\u0159i opakovan\u00fdch nab\u00edjec\u00edch cyklech postupn\u011b ztr\u00e1c\u00ed stav nabit\u00ed (SOC)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hranice studen\u00e9ho nab\u00edjen\u00ed<\/td><td>Logika syst\u00e9mu BMS, pot\u0159eba topen\u00ed a mezn\u00ed hodnoty nab\u00edjec\u00edho proudu<\/td><td>Baterie se p\u0159es noc vybije, ale r\u00e1no se dob\u00edj\u00ed jen pomalu<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Profil stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td><td>Skute\u010dn\u00e1 no\u010dn\u00ed spot\u0159eba energie<\/td><td>Baterie je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00e1 nebo je sn\u00ed\u017eena kvalita osv\u011btlen\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hranice regul\u00e1toru<\/td><td>Indik\u00e1tor zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed kapacity baterie a chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i vypnut\u00ed<\/td><td>Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed kapacitou nebo se ochrana BMS st\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u011b\u017enou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud je jedna mez nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1, ani nap\u011bt\u00ed ani amp\u00e9rhodiny projekt nezachr\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Standardn\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dky se osv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed, pokud je osv\u011btlen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Standardn\u00ed sod\u00edko-iontov\u00e1 baterie m\u016f\u017ee dob\u0159e fungovat, pokud je zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed LED diodami m\u00edrn\u00e9, d\u00e9lka noci je p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e1, projekt po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s omezenou v\u00fddr\u017e\u00ed, sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panel m\u00e1 spr\u00e1vnou velikost, teplotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky jsou pod kontrolou a regul\u00e1tor je ji\u017e nastaven na nap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 rozmez\u00ed baterie.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To je opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad pou\u017eit\u00ed. Individu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nab\u00fdv\u00e1 na v\u00fdznamu zejm\u00e9na tehdy, kdy\u017e mus\u00ed osv\u011btlovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m fungovat v chladn\u00fdch oblastech, zajistit n\u011bkolikadenn\u00ed autonomii, vej\u00edt se do kompaktn\u00edho sloupu nebo krytu sv\u00edtidla, odol\u00e1vat venkovn\u00ed vlhkosti, vyu\u017e\u00edvat speci\u00e1ln\u00ed logiku stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, informovat o stavu baterie nebo se spolehliv\u011b zotavit po dlouh\u00e9m obdob\u00ed zata\u017een\u00e9 oblohy.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rozd\u00edl nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, zda jde o standardn\u00ed nebo pr\u00e9miovou verzi. Rozd\u00edl spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, zda ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 hranice standardn\u00edho bal\u00ed\u010dku odpov\u00edd\u00e1 sl\u00edben\u00e9mu rozsahu osv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Porovn\u00e1vejte s nejhor\u0161\u00edm b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm ve\u010derem, ne s nejlep\u0161\u00edm ve\u010derem s uk\u00e1zkami<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Syst\u00e9m s sod\u00edkov\u00fdmi ionty funguj\u00edc\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu by nem\u011bl b\u00fdt schv\u00e1len, proto\u017ee funguje pouze po jednom slune\u010dn\u00e9m dni. U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 validace se zam\u011b\u0159uje na obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, ale b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 podm\u00ednky: dlouhou noc, o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd profil stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00edzk\u00fd stav nabit\u00ed (SOC) po \u0161patn\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b nab\u00edjen\u00ed za chladn\u00e9ho r\u00e1na, skute\u010dn\u00e1 nastaven\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00edho regul\u00e1toru a zotaven\u00ed po n\u011bkolika dnech se slab\u00fdm slune\u010dn\u00edm svitem. Pokud je syst\u00e9m instalov\u00e1n v uzav\u0159en\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b sloupu nebo kompaktn\u00edm krytu sv\u00edtidla, je t\u0159eba zohlednit tak\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch a vlhkosti.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201e\u010cist\u00fd v\u00fdsledek\u201c znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sv\u011btlo sv\u00edt\u00ed a\u017e do \u00fasvitu, nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k opakovan\u00e9mu spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ochrany BMS, dojde k dobit\u00ed b\u011bhem p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho okna, je dodr\u017een sl\u00edben\u00fd pl\u00e1n stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a syst\u00e9m se po nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed zotav\u00ed bez nutnosti ru\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1sahu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b d\u00edky tomu je syst\u00e9m p\u0159ipraven k nasazen\u00ed v ter\u00e9nu.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Velikosti <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/sodium-ion-battery-manufacturers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">sod\u00edkovo-iontov\u00e1 baterie<\/a><\/strong> U sol\u00e1rn\u00edho osv\u011btlen\u00ed s provozem od soumraku do \u00fasvitu je t\u0159eba zohlednit v\u00fdkon LED, nejdel\u0161\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed hodiny, dobu provozu na baterii, dob\u00edjen\u00ed ze sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f, vyp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed regul\u00e1toru, profil stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a nab\u00edjen\u00ed za chladn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159ed schv\u00e1len\u00edm dimenzujte syst\u00e9m s ohledem na nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00fd sv\u011bteln\u00fd cyklus, nikoli na uk\u00e1zku za slune\u010dn\u00e9ho dne. Pokud navrhujete sol\u00e1rn\u00ed osv\u011btlovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m pro provoz od soumraku do \u00fasvitu, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/contact-us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">kontaktujte n\u00e1s<\/a><\/strong> spolu s hlavn\u00edmi \u00fadaji o va\u0161em projektu. Pom\u016f\u017eeme v\u00e1m vybrat vhodnou konfiguraci sady sod\u00edkov\u00fdch iontov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak dimenzovat sod\u00edkovo-iontovou baterii pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed. Dimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed sod\u00edko-iontov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed od soumraku do \u00fasvitu je v\u00edce ne\u017e jen v\u00fdpo\u010det Ah. Sada mus\u00ed podporovat no\u010dn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed energie, rezervu pro zata\u017een\u00fd den, omezenou rekuperaci sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie, nab\u00edjen\u00ed za chladn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed a stabiln\u00ed jas LED bez opakovan\u00e9 ochrany BMS. Mnoho projekt\u016f selh\u00e1v\u00e1, proto\u017ee re\u00e1ln\u00e9 podm\u00ednky zahrnuj\u00ed dlouh\u00e9 zimn\u00ed noci, stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1180,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news_catalog","category-product-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5228"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5228\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5229,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5228\/revisions\/5229"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1180"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kmdpower.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}